Dajak, LLC

 

Mark Kluger

President

mkluger@dajak.com

302-655-6651 (office)

302-494-6050 (cell)

 

 

 

Dajak represents companies that provide technologies for site characterization and remediation. Dajak helps these companies develop business, primarily on the east coast.

 

 

Characterization

 

Willowstick (www.willowstick.com) provides a unique imaging technology called AquaTrack that allows you to map groundwater directly without the costs, disruptions and potential harms associated with extensive drilling. That is, using AquaTrack reduces the number of wells.

 

AquaTrack Process

  • Willowstick energizes an aquifer with AC current, which in turn induces a magnetic field. The aquifer can be near surface or as much as 3,000 feet below grade.
  • Willowstick measures the magnetic field at the surface.
  • Willowstick reduces the field data and provides contour maps of preferential groundwater pathways.

 

AquaTrack uses a low voltage, low amperage, high frequency, alternating electrical current to energize the groundwater. The electrical current accumulates in those zones with more water or higher ionic content. As the current flows through the groundwater, it creates a magnetic field. The strength of the field is a function of current density. Willowstick can identify and measure this unique magnetic field from the ground surface using a tuned, sensitive magnetic receiver.

 

Applications

Willowstick has applied AquaTrack at about 40 sites over the last two years. Applications include the mapping of:

  • Subsurface preferential pathways and channels, including karstic zones
  • Salt water intrusion
  • Potential well locations
  • Landfill seepage
  • Pathways through aquitards
  • Pathways through man-made structures, such as dams

 

Benefits

  • Reduce costs by eliminating unnecessary wells
  • Focused characterization
  • Increased data density
  • Willowstick provides a detailed model based on the information provided by AquaTrack.

 

Schlumberger Water Services (www.swstechnology.com), manufactures Divers, which are fully submersible instruments that include a pressure transducer or conductivity sensor, battery and data logger. SWS has been manufacturing these types of devices for over 10 years and has sold more than 100,000 units worldwide. Features follow:

  • Three year warranty
  • No vented cable - water cannot get into the electronics
  • Unequaled accuracy and temperature compensation
  • Wireless communication to PDAs
  • Micro-Diver is quite small - about the size of a USB flash drive
  • Requires no maintenance for 6 to 10 years or 5,000,000 readings
  • Inexpensive

 

SWS also manufactures the Westbay multilevel groundwater monitoring system, which allows you to collect groundwater samples and measure the formation's hydraulic pressures from multiple depths within a single drill hole. The costs related to understanding the formation’s 3D flow field become far more reasonable. Typical installed systems are at depths ranging from 75 to 4,000 feet.

 

The Westbay system allows you to:

  • Reduce costs: You drill a single borehole to collect multilevel data, eliminating clusters of wells terminating at various depths.
  • Increase knowledge: You gain a better understanding of the site’s three dimensional flow system, as you can now get piezometric head data from significantly more depths without the attendant costs of drilling more wells.
  • Improve data quality: You collect unique groundwater samples at multiple depths under in-situ pressure conditions, thus reducing VOC losses. You also can measure the hydraulic conductivity of aquifers and aquitards with excellent precision and accuracy over extended time frames.
  • Insure defensibility: You can verify the integrity of the sampling and measurement methods during every step of the procedures.

 

 

 

Fluid Flow Enhancement

 

Moving fluids uniformly in heterogeneous systems is quite difficult. Wavefront (www.onthewavefront.com) provides the Primawave process, a patented technology that generates a fluid pulse that momentarily and elastically dilates the pore throats of porous media. The result is you can improve the injection rate and dispersion of fluids in complex matrices, contacting contaminants more efficiently, which yields significant cost savings.

 

Applications include:

 

  • Injecting bioremediation substrates
  • Injecting chemical oxidants and reducing agents
  • Injecting surfactants for LNAPL recovery

 

Wavefront has designed the Hornet Environmental Tool as a surface-mounted system for wells and direct push-type injection systems. The technology has a simple, low-maintenance design that allows for on-the-fly adjustability and low operating costs. The rental rate of the Hornet is $2,500 a week or $4,000 a month.

 

 

Remediation

 

Bioremediation

Enhanced in-situ bioremediation is a logical extension of natural attenuation processes. That is, you enhance the conditions necessary for the acceleration of processes that occur in nature. Bioremediation requires that the correct microbial population be present and that it contacts the aqueous phase contaminants. When confronted with non-aqueous phase liquids, the practitioner can deliver long-lasting substrates and apply strategies to hasten the dissolution of NAPLs.

 

SiREM (www.siremlab.com) services and products include:

  • Genetic testing
    • Quantitative Gene-Trac for enumerating dechlorinating Dehalococcoides bacteria
    • Gene-Trac-VC for vinyl chloride reductase, the genetic sequence that dechlorinates VC to ethene
  • Treatability studies (bench scale studies)
    • biotreatability studies
    • oxidant demand testing
    • zero valent iron studies
  • Bioaugmentation cultures
    • KB-1 for remediation of chlorinated ethenes
    • KB-1-Plus for remediation of 1,1,1-TCA
    • WBC-2 for remediation of carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane

 

Typically, customers send SiREM groundwater samples for genetic analyses to determine whether the right microbes are present. Additionally, SiREM frequently conducts treatability studies to test and optimize various bioremediation approaches.

 

Significantly, SiREM often guarantees that its microbes will degrade contaminants into non-toxic end-products.

 

The patented EOS Remediation (www.eosremediation.com) process involves injecting emulsified edible oil substrates into contaminated aquifers to stimulate the anaerobic biodegradation of a wide variety of chlorinated solvents, such as PCE, TCE, cis 1,2-DCE, vinyl chloride and TCA, energetic materials (perchlorate, RDX, TNT, etc.) or nitrates into non-toxic end products.

 

Benefits of EOS include:

  • Long-lasting, time released substrate - EOS continues to ferment for three to five years
  • Ideal for permeable reactive barriers
  • Easy to handle and inject - EOS comes ready to use
  • Low viscosity (similar to skim milk)
  • Uniform droplet size allowing for the ready transport of EOS into the aquifer
  • Virtually no affect on aquifer permeability
  • Quite inexpensive compared to other electron donors

 

AquaBupH is a new EOS product that raises the pH of acidic aquifers.

 

EOS Remediation also provides EOx, which slowly releases oxygen to support the aerobic degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. EOx is a calcium-based formulation that is quite inexpensive compared to other commercially available products.

 

 

Surfactants

Remediating free-phase LNAPL with conventional removal technologies can be quite expensive and time consuming. Surbec Environmental (www.surbec.com) uses proprietary surfactant technology to mobilize and remove the contaminant, typically in less than 2 or 3 months, resulting in significant cost savings.

 

A surfactant, which is a Surface Active Agent, is an interesting compound that has an affinity for both water and oils, making it an ideal molecule for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons. Soaps and detergents are examples of surfactants.

 

Surbec, a company founded by faculty members at the University of Oklahoma, has made significant advances in the application of surfactants for LNAPL remediation. These advances include:

 

  • Low cost
  • Minimal surfactant mass
  • 1 to 2 pore volumes for up to 95% mass removal
  • No use of alcohols
  • Remaining surfactants are easily biodegradable
  • By removing the LNAPL first, surfactants can enhance the effectiveness of bioremediation and chemical oxidation technologies.

 

 

SVE Off-Gas Treatment

Traditional SVE off-gas contaminant recovery technologies, such as GAC or thermal oxidation, can be quite expensive, especially when the contaminant concentration is high. G.E.O. Inc. (www.geoinc.org), a company Dajak® represents, provides cryogenic cooling and compression equipment to recover VOCs from soil vapor extraction effluent streams. The patent pending C3 Technology process recovers the VOCs as a separate, pure phase liquid.

 

If you have interest, I would be happy to present the technology to you and your colleagues.

 

C3 Technology Process Description

  • A compressor compresses the process air to about 150psi.
  • The air-to-air heat exchangers remove water vapor and cool the air to about 40ºF.
  • The refrigerated heat exchangers cool the air to about -40°F, where the vast majority of the contaminants are condensed and separated from the vapor stream.
  • The regenerative adsorber removes any residual contaminants and water vapor and directs the air back to the inlet stream.
  • G.E.O. containerizes the NAPL for subsequent off-site recycling, reuse or incineration.

 

Benefits

  • Reduced costs – C3 Technology is often a low cost solution
  • 99.8% mass removal
  • High reliability – 90% operation up-time guaranteed
  • Zero influent air dilution equals faster results
  • Works great with heat enhanced vapor recovery technologies, such as electrical resistance heating
  • No purchase required – you rent the equipment
  • G.E.O. provides on-site technicians and remote monitoring
  • The higher the vapor phase concentration, the better it is for C3 Technology

 

 

Electrical Resistance Heating

Thermal Remediation Services (www.thermalrs.com) provides electrical resistance heating services to remediate contaminated soils and groundwater. Typically, ERH involves heating the subsurface to convert liquid phase contaminants to a gas phase, extracting the gases from the vadose zone and treating them with conventional technologies at the surface. TRS has also applied ERH at sites impacted by semi-volatile hydrocarbons, such as diesel fuel, tars and grease.

 

Some important points follow:

 

  • Thermal Remediation Services frequently guarantees results.
  • TRS routinely removes more than 99% of contaminant mass within 4 to 8 months.
  • Electrical resistance heating is unaffected by heterogeneities or low permeability strata. Although it is not intuitive, DNAPL in clay or sedimentary rock is generally easy to remediate.
  • ERH works equally well in the vadose zone as in the saturated zone.
  • ERH is quite flexible and simple to control.
  • ERH does not desiccate the vadose zone or saturated zone.
  • Heat enhances bioremediation.
  • TRS has been at or below budget on 100% of its projects.
  • TRS has a perfect safety record with over 250,000 hours of field labor.
  • Total project cost (electricity, contaminant recovery and treatment, permitting, well design and installation, etc.) for 99% mass removal of TCE usually ranges from $50 to 120 a cubic yard. Remediating less volatile compounds, such as PCE, normally costs more.

 

 

Mark Kluger

Dajak, LLC

mkluger@dajak.com

302-655-6651 (office)

302-494-6050 (cell)